Thiamin: Food Sources, Beriberi, and Why There Is No Upper Limit
Thiamin per measured tablespoon, the milling step that turned beriberi into an epidemic, and why the Food and Nutrition Board set no upper limit at all.
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Vitamin D2 vs D3: What the Head-to-Head Trials Found
There is no vitamin D1. There are two forms, the label treats them as interchangeable, and the randomised comparisons put D3 ahead by about 15 nmol/L — with most of the gap in a dosing schedule almost nobody uses.
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Vitamin C: Food Sources, Scurvy, and the Ceiling the Body Sets
Vitamin C per measured tablespoon, what a deliberate depletion showed about scurvy, and why the dose-response curve flattens long before the tablet does.
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Vitamin D: Food Sources, Sunlight, and What the Trials Found
Vitamin D per measured tablespoon, why the food table misses most of the supply, and why three large trials found nothing where a smaller one cut hip fractures by 43 per cent.
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Vitamin A: Food Sources, Deficiency, and Safe Limits
How much vitamin A a tablespoon of liver, cod liver oil or sweet potato actually carries — what deficiency does, and why the 3,000 microgram upper limit matters.
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How Nutrients Are Classified — and What the Reference Numbers Mean
Macronutrients, micronutrients and the thirteen vitamins — plus what EAR, RDA, AI and UL actually mean, and why an intake below the RDA is not a deficiency.
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Options and Futures: Where Retail Money Actually Goes
European regulators found 74-89% of retail CFD accounts losing money; India found over 91% of derivatives traders losing. What the regulatory records and trade-level research show about how leverage, expiry and spreads take money from retail traders – including the study arguing the losses are overstated.
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Why Most Stock Investors Lose Money: What the Evidence Actually Shows
Only 42.6% of 25,967 US stocks beat Treasury bills over their lifetime, and the most common outcome was a total loss. What the research on individual investors, day traders and active funds shows about how money is actually lost in the stock market.
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One Clot per 4,656 Long-Haul Flights. Stockings Took the Silent Ones from 47 Down to 3.
Long flights roughly double clot risk from a small baseline, and the risk peaks two weeks after landing. Compression stockings have high-certainty Cochrane evidence behind them, with one caveat worth reading.
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Changing Your Password Every 90 Days Made It Easier to Guess. The Standard That Started the Rule Now Says to Stop.
The composition and expiry rules came from one 2003 appendix, and its author regrets it. What actually takes over accounts is reuse, infostealers and phishable codes.
