France Fraud Trends: €1.24 Billion Lost as Phone Scams Surge

A bank cash machine in Cap d'Agde
File photo: a bank cash machine in Cap d’Agde (Hérault), July 2024. Photo: DrRachT via Wikimedia Commons, CC0.
Scams risingUpdated 20 October 2026

Trend summary

  • Payment fraud in France reached €1.24 billion in 2025, up 3.8%, even though the number of fraudulent transactions fell 7.6% to 7.2 million, according to the Banque de France’s payment-security observatory (OSMP).
  • Manipulation fraud, where victims are tricked into paying (fake bank advisers, CEO fraud, IBAN swaps), jumped 34% to €516 million. It is now 41.6% of all payment fraud, double its share four years earlier.
  • Card fraud fell 8.6% to €475 million, its lowest rate on record (47 euros per €100,000 paid). Transfer fraud rose about 37% to €485 million; cheque fraud fell 16% to €229 million.
  • Police and gendarmes recorded 448,300 victims of scams and payment fraud in 2025, up 7%. A November 2025 law created a national file of suspect bank accounts run by the Banque de France.
€1.24bnpayment fraud, 2025 (OSMP)
€516mmanipulation fraud, 2025, up 34%
448,300recorded scam victims, 2025 (SSMSI)
+159%fake bank adviser help requests, 2025

What the numbers show

The Banque de France’s Observatory for the Security of Payment Means counts fraud on cards, transfers, cheques, direct debits and other non-cash payments. In 2025 it recorded €1,241 million of fraud: €485 million on transfers, €475 million on cards, €229 million on cheques, €33 million on direct debits and €19.3 million on bills of exchange (OSMP 2025 report; Banque de France). Total fraud was about €800 million in 2016 (AFP via Médias24), €744 million in 2017 (Meilleurtaux), just over €1 billion in 2018 (UFC-Que Choisir) and stayed just under €1.2 billion a year from 2022 to 2024 (Banque de France). Card fraud alone grew from €252.6 million in 2006 (Banque de France) to €450.7 million in 2012 (Banque de France); the observatory’s current series shows €436 million in 2015, a peak of €519 million in 2024 and €475 million in 2025. Cheques were the weak spot for years: cheque fraud rose from €296 million in 2017 to €453 million in 2018 (La finance pour tous) and reached €538 million in 2020 (Banque de France), before falling to €229 million in 2025.

The fastest-growing type is manipulation fraud: €269 million in 2021, €340 million in 2022, €379 million in 2023, about €384 million in 2024 and €516 million in 2025; of the 2025 total, €376 million went out by bank transfer (Banque de France press release; OSMP 2025 report). Police data show the same rise. Recorded victims of scams and payment fraud went from 250,900 in 2016 to 411,700 in 2023, about 7.3% a year (SSMSI), and to 448,300 in 2025, up 7%; 53% of these offences were linked to digital use, against 31% in 2016, and only 8% of cases recorded in 2024 were solved within a year (SSMSI). Cybermalveillance.gouv.fr assisted more than 500,000 victims in 2025, with requests about fake bank advisers up 159%, transfer fraud up 170% and fake investments up 277% among individuals (Cybermalveillance.gouv.fr). The AMF and ACPR added 1,351 names to their blacklists of unauthorised investment and credit sites in 2025, bringing the total to 9,269 (MoneyVox; AMF).

What is driving it

Better security has pushed criminals from stealing card data to tricking people. Card fraud rates fell after strong authentication and earlier liability shifts on remote sales (from October 2008, National Assembly); the internet card fraud rate has halved since 2020 (Banque de France). So fraudsters now call victims while posing as their bank’s anti-fraud team, often spoofing the bank’s real number, and talk them into approving a transfer or a card payment themselves. Research on this ‘authorised push payment’ fraud shows why it is hard to stop: the bank sees a genuine customer making a valid payment, and in most countries the victim has little legal route to a refund (Braithwaite, Journal of Financial Regulation, 2024). A behavioural experiment found that redesigning the in-app steps a customer must take before paying cut fraud success far more than standard warnings (Akesson, Gathergood and Quispe-Torreblanca, 2023). Instant transfers add pressure: they were 17% of transfers in 2025 and their annual value roughly doubled in a year (Banque de France).

France has answered with laws and joint work across sectors. Law No. 2020-901 of 24 July 2020 required telecom operators to authenticate caller numbers and block calls that fail (Official Journal text); the system went live for fixed lines in October 2024 (La finance pour tous). Law No. 2025-1058 of 6 November 2025 created a national file of suspect accounts run by the Banque de France and tightened cheque checks (Senate). In September 2026 the observatory called for single anti-fraud phone numbers, takedowns by social networks and messaging apps, per-client spending limits and payee verification, and repeated that a bank never asks a customer to act to block a payment (Banque de France). Victims can report card fraud online through Perceval, opened in June 2018 (Ministry of the Interior).

Recent cases

  • 9 September 2026: The Banque de France’s payment-security observatory reported €1.24 billion of payment fraud in 2025, with manipulation scams up 34% to €516 million, or 41.6% of the total (Banque de France).
  • 9 July 2026: The Interior Ministry’s statistics service counted 448,300 victims of scams and payment fraud in 2025, up 7%, with 53% of cases linked to digital use (SSMSI).
  • 24 June 2026: The AMF–ACPR joint unit said more than 1,300 new unauthorised sites or firms were added to the regulators’ blacklists in 2025, many offering fake savings accounts, loans and investments (AMF).

How France compares with the EU

Eurostat’s household ICT survey asked people which online security problems they had faced in the previous year. In 2019, the last wave with this question, French respondents were more than twice as likely as the EU average to report fraudulent card use.

Share of peopleFranceEU-27
Fraudulent card use, 20195.4%2.2%
Phishing messages received, 201939.1%24.7%
Online identity theft, 20191.1%0.9%
Lost money to card fraud, 20152.4%0.9%

Percentage of all individuals aged 16–74. The survey stopped asking this in 2019, so it predates the shift to authorised push-payment and phone scams. Source: Eurostat, security problems experienced when using the internet (isoc_cisci_pb), accessed through the EU open data API on 21 October 2026.

Press releases and official reports, 2023–2026

Five key releases a year for the last four years, newest first. Most come from national bodies such as ONISR, the Ministry of the Interior, Santé publique France, the BEA and BEAmer investigation bureaus and the Banque de France, from the Senate and National Assembly, and from research journals; a few news reports are included where they are the clearest public record of an event. Headlines are our English translations of the French originals. Releases from 2007–2022 are in the expandable list after 2023.

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View 20 years of major French fraud press releases (2007–2026)79 more from 2007–2022, up to five a year, newest first

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Many years list fewer than five items, and some have none yet. Several official archives (Légifrance, older ministry pages and PDFs) could not be opened when we compiled this list, and we only list items we could open and check. We are still adding to these lists. Where a page shows no date, the date comes from the publisher’s own index; annual reports with no printed date are listed under the year they cover or were released.

Photo list

A bank card payment terminal on a Lyon tram
File photo: a bank card payment terminal on Lyon’s T4 tram line, May 2021. Photo: Romainbehar via Wikimedia Commons, CC0.
The Banque de France building in Paris
The Banque de France building on Rue Croix-des-Petits-Champs in Paris. Its payment security observatory publishes the national fraud figures. Photo: Boubloub via Wikimedia Commons, CC0.

How this page is built. Figures come from the official statistical releases and research linked above; where agencies publish provisional numbers we say so, because they are revised. National death data come from Inserm’s cause-of-death centre (CépiDc) and take two to three years to finalise, and some figures cover metropolitan France only while others include the overseas departments, so we say which year, area and source each figure covers. Money is given in euros. Headlines and quotes are our translations from French. Photos are public-domain or Creative Commons images credited in each caption; file photos are illustrative and are not from the events described unless the caption says so. This page tracks trends and is not personal safety, medical, legal or financial advice.